磁盘管理

VMWare中扩展磁盘容量

虚拟机设置

VMWare - 菜单栏 - 虚拟机 - 设置

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注意：该步骤需要将系统关机，如有快照，需要删除快照。

系统可用空间为宿主机D盘的可用空间。

扩展磁盘容量

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扩展成功

1716338769682

扩展成功

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这种方式是增大原来sda盘的大小。

磁盘管理

910773d89b9144daed9bd79845ec20e

新增结果

1716340699036

添加分区

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分区命名

1716340971932

添加分区成功

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VMWare中新增磁盘

添加磁盘

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image-20240522092919292

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系统中重新分区

fdisk - manipulate disk partition table。 [məˈnɪpjuleɪt] 操纵

扩充磁盘查看

注意新增加的磁盘是下面的 sdb

[zhangsan@localhost ~]$ ls /dev/sd*
/dev/sda  /dev/sda1  /dev/sda2  /dev/sda3  /dev/sda4  /dev/sdb

磁盘管理

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[zhangsan@localhost ~]$ su root
Password: 

# 使用磁盘管理工具fdisk
[root@localhost zhangsan]# fdisk /dev/sdb 

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb69b5e04.

# 输入m，查看帮助信息
Command (m for help): m

新建分区

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# 新建分区:new
Command (m for help): new
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p #主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 #第一个分区
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048): 2048 # 起始扇区
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519):   # 或+nG
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Last sector nG前需要+号

打印分区结果

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Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xcbf87d11

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    20971519    10484736   83  Linux

保存分区结果

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Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

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格式化文件系统

mkfs - build a Linux filesystem

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# 格式化为 ext3
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
...
Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

重新格式化为ext3

分区的挂载与卸载

sdb1的默认挂载点

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[zhangsan@localhost 3c480221-9236-40b7-afaa-4eacf96006e7]$ pwd
/run/media/zhangsan/3c480221-9236-40b7-afaa-4eacf96006e7

从默认挂载点卸载分区

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[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb1

创建新的挂载点

我们将分区/dev/sdb1挂载到/home/zhangsan/disk节点下。

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[root@localhost zhangsan]# mkdir disk/

挂载分区

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[root@localhost zhangsan]# mount /dev/sdb1 /home/zhangsan/disk/
[root@localhost zhangsan]# cd disk/

卸载分区

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[root@localhost disk]# umount /dev/sdb1 
umount: /home/zhangsan/disk: target is busy.
[root@localhost disk]# cd ..
[root@localhost zhangsan]# umount /dev/sdb1

df

report file system disk space usage

  • -h, –human-readable
    print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
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[root@localhost disk]# df 
Filesystem     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs         1914912       0   1914912   0% /dev
tmpfs            1930644       0   1930644   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs            1930644   12840   1917804   1% /run
tmpfs            1930644       0   1930644   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda3       27989656 7981936  20007720  29% /
/dev/sda1         303780  166720    137060  55% /boot
tmpfs             386132      32    386100   1% /run/user/1000
tmpfs             386132       0    386132   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1       10189076   36888   9611568   1% /home/zhangsan/disk